Istoriko-kulʹturnye aspekty cheshsko-belorusskikh svi︠a︡zeĭ
Monografii︠a︡
Иллюстрации и карты
illustrations
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The monograph examines Czech-Belarusian relations in the broad historical context of the 19th-21st centuries. The establishment of relations between the Czech Republic and Belarus can be traced back to the second half of the 13th century. At this time, there were Czech-Lithuanian contacts, which can be considered the most ancient Czech-Belarusian relations.
From the second half of the 19th century, many citizens were evicted from the Czech Republic and Moravia (their territory was part of Austria-Hungary) to the Minsk province. The largest number of Czechs has lived and still lives in the Gomel region, in the vicinity of the cities of Rechitsa and Mozyr.
The records of the first Belarusian political emigrants date back to 1905, when they were granted asylum by Austria-Hungary. During the First World War, camps were created on Czech territory, where Belarusians were also captured. Many soldiers of Czech and Moravian descent fought on the lands of modern Belarus. After the emergence of Czechoslovakia in 1918, the Belarusian People's Republic (BNR) was created. Belarusian politicians believed that Czechoslovakia could become a mediator and defender of its interests. Before the outbreak of World War II, Prague was the center of Belarusian democratic emigration.
During World War II, there were no Czech soldiers in Belarus (with the exception of a few dozen partisans of Czech nationality). The tragic moment in the history of both countries was the extermination of at least five thousand Czech Jews in Baranavichy and the Maly Trostenets concentration camp in 1942.
In 1991, with the collapse of the USSR and the emergence of independent Belarus, the time came for mutually correct relations, which, however, began to change after 1994, when countries had different views on politics and human rights. Today's relations are developing, first of all, in the economic field.
