Ecosystems in the area of the Kola NPP (Murmansk region): current state
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The article presents a comprehensive assessment of the current state of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in the area of the Kola NPP, which was commissioned in 1973. A comparative analysis of the state of terrestrial ecosystems in the vicinity of the Kola NPP and in background areas outside the zone of intensive industrial impact was performed. The studied components of terrestrial biota at a distance of 15 km and 30 km from the Kola NPP include soils, vegetation and fauna, including endangered species of animals, plants and fungi. The dynamics of biota components was studied in comparison with the period of the 2000s and 2020s. An overview of the current state of Lake Imandra in the area of the discharge channel of the Kola NPP and in control sections is given, including the characteristics of the thermal regime of the waters of the Babinskaya Imandra reach, hydrochemical features of water and bottom sediments, diversity of phytoplankton, zooplankton, zoobenthos, ichthyofauna and sanitary and microbiological assessment at the places of water intake for drinking water supply. Recommendations have been prepared for conducting environmental monitoring of physical factors, atmospheric air, soil cover, surface water, vegetation and fauna in the area of operation of the Kola NPP.