Khristianstvo v Rime v I - polovine II v.
Monografii︠a︡
(
Serie Монографии Минской духовной академии
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Vypusk V
)
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Christianity arose in the Roman province of Judea and the neighboring possessions of the heirs of Herod I, dependent on Rome, during that period of cardinal changes in the Roman state, when, as a result of the crisis of the Roman civitas, the principate was established - a political and social system with the autocracy of the princeps-emperor while maintaining the majority of republican institutions and with citizens deprived of their basic rights and turned into subjects. The principate was not just a monarchical regime that replaced the previous republican form of government, which found its insolvency in the huge power created by victorious conquests, it also meant radical changes in social relations, primarily among Roman citizens. These changes were most tangible for the upper (senatorial class) and lower (proletarians) strata of Roman citizens.
The city of Rome was the center of the principate system. Here, the central apparatus of the bureaucratic administration of the princeps-emperor was formed, to which the real levers of government were transferred from the senate, comitia, magistrates. Rome was also the main focus of a small mass of Roman citizens in comparison with the multimillion population of the empire.
